Management Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Management Strategy - Essay Example It is also through this mission statement that Toyota was able to focus even more in the U.S., its old market and where it gets its high portion of sales and market share. In fact, focusing in the U.S. market was never been a mistake considering that the U.S. is one of the most influential countries in the world when it comes to setting various trends in economics and politics in general. Toyota sales were growing in this country and in fact, Toyota was heading on to even more wider expansion just even as it continues to grow in popularity and acceptance around the world. However, amidst global economic recession, and despite the fact that this strongly caused strong negative impact to every automaker around the world, Toyota is not accustomed to experience them. To wit, Toyota’s experienced troubles are the following (Flint, 2009): In 2007, Toyota was able to sell 9.37 million cars world wide, an indicator that it was then making out well. In fact, it made profits of $2.27 billion beating the General Motors as the world’s largest car maker as of the year 2007 (Japanese economy hitting record lows, 2008). However, it had an operating loss almost $5 billion in 2008 (Flint, 2009). In the last quarter of 2008, the Japanese exports dropped by $60 billion as a result of a rising Yen making cars and electrical goods expensive overseas (Japanese economy hitting record lows, 2008). This made its sales in its biggest market, the USA suffered. Based on last year’s sales, its sales was down 38% in the U.S., 20% in Canada, 30% in Japan and 18% in Europe (Flint, 2009). Toyota has never been accustomed to failures considering that the automotive industry where it belongs identifies it as one of the world’s largest automotive producers which aims to promote quality products in an international scale by making the world’s one of the greatest markets a target, the United States of America. Toyota is also known as the Japanese giant because it is the leading

Promotion Mix and Channels of Distribution for Farmer’s Choice Product

Promotion Mix and Channels of Distribution for Farmer’s Choice Products McCarthy (1975) devised the idea of the 4Ps - product, price, promotion, and place marketing mix. For many years, these have been utilized as the key basis on which a marketing plan is founded. Pricing Establishing the value for an item is an intricate and inexact task, often consisting trial-and-error decision-formulation. This course is regularly even more intricate in global promotion. Prices may be stated in the firm’s currency or in that of the overseas buyer. At this point we come across constraints of foreign exchange and exchange of currencies. As a common statute, a company involved in foreign business whether it is exporting or importing-considers to have the price stated in its own state currency. If the firm transacts in a foreign currency which later fall in value amid contract signing and the reception of the overseas currency, the seller gets a loss. Equally, a buyer transacting in a foreign currency would lose cash if the currency rose in value prior to payments. The risks from variation in foreign exchange are swung to the other party in the deal if a company transacts in its state currency. Product This mix describes the traits of product or service that meet the requirements of customers. â€Æ' Promotion The aim of promotion is similar in any nation, namely to converse information and influential appeals efficiently. For various goods, pleas are satisfactorily common and the markets are adequately consistent to allow utilization of very comparable advertising in numerous countries. It is just the media approach and the particulars of a message that must be adjusted to each state’s cultural, economic, and political setting. On th... ... retail stores, hotels, institutions and fast food outlets alike. Farmer's Choice products are sent by Air, Road and Sea from our factory to destinations worldwide. â€Æ' Conclusion After examining the promotional mix of Farmer’s Choice, it is clear that the firm can be said to be scaling heights to `global’, i.e. mixing constituents of globalization and internationalization. Farmer’s Choice have will achieve this through applying the maxim, `think global, act local’ (Ohmae, 2000), to all the elements of the promotional mix. â€Æ' References McCarthy, J. (1975), Basic Marketing: A Management Approach, Irwin, Homewood, IL Ohmae, K. (2000), Managing in a Borderless World, Harvard Business Review, May/June, Sandler, D.M. and Shani, D. (2001), Brand Globally but Advertise Locally? An Empirical Investigation, International Marketing Review, Vol. 9 No. 4

Dykeman Article Essay

Imagine studying divorce and the effects it has upon children. These kids act out as a result of aggression for many reasons, which include guilt, attention from the parents, and the inability to maintain a long-term relationship. They have lifelong issues, and do require some form of counseling, whether it is in the school or with social services in their state. According to the article, these youngsters and parents were subjects in a study to help determine how to help them through this transition in their life, and to help them become high functioning both in the school and home. What was found in the article is quite significant. According to an article in Newsweek, Peg Tyre believed that children, â€Å"feel strongly and intensely that their parents are polar opposites, even if they don’t fight. They feel they must take care of their parents rather than be taken care of. They feel loss and anger. They also feel their spiritual life is damaged because God’s image as a parent is painful for them† (2005). Dykeman agreed by saying that divorce effects a child’s emotional well-being and self-esteem as well can give them anxiety, depression, guilt, and at times aggression (2003). However, Heubusch says in regards to Stewarts study, â€Å"But it’s particularly damaging for children under age 9, and for children who are drawn directly into the hostility. There is a very direct relationship between children’s psychological well-being and that of their parents. When separation and divorce enhance parents’ well-being in very straightforward and direct ways, it’s reasonable to expect that children will benefit from the improvement† (1998). In regards to the research finding presented in the article, they are worth noting as well. Here is what they found. One, pre-referral intervention reduces the quantity of students put into a special education class for aggressiveness. Two, the school counselor plays a vital role in helping these students and families with coping in regards to divorce. Three, conflict theory is important in handling out aggression in children, who are going through divorce because it can help with problem solving skills, few incidents of hostility, and home behavior effects school behavior (Dykeman, 2003). However during the study, the researchers found that the child had more reasoning during that time period, according to â€Å"t(14) = 4. 294, p < . 01† (Dykeman, 2003). Another is that the child learned is that a decrease in verbal aggression as seen with â€Å"t(14) = 3. 623, p < . 01† (Dykeman, 2003). The researcher did experience limitations and assumptions with the study as it relates to statistics. Some limitations include that the researchers were not able to follow up as frequently after six months, such as a monthly basis. However, a decrease was found amongst the six month treatment to follow up in regards to verbal aggression by 3. 87, whereas prior it was 4. 87 times (Dykeman, 2003). Another significant finding is that prior to treatment, the child used physical aggression 1. 73 times, but afterwards, during the follow up, it was 1. 33 times. Another, is that teachers and researchers are subjective in their viewpoint, which can show up in a study as well. All students were required to partipate in their first semester of the school year. Many of them completed intervention within two months, but by the end of the school time had much improvement, which was seen by a 5. 40, and indicates improvement by â€Å"p < . 05† (Dykeman, 2003). The researchers, then assumed, that an â€Å"increased use of reasoning and reduced use of verbal aggression corresponded to improved behaviors in the classroom† (Dykeman, 2003). Another investigator also agrees with this issue by saying, â€Å"Most felt that they should have been consulted about visitation and dual residence decisions during the divorce† (Siatis, 1997). This study showed that making assumptions about what has happened in a child’s life are at times beneficial because it helps them study in more depth ways to help them through their ordeal. The individuals can become subjective, but in their study, it showed a lot of objectivity, and what Dykeman did actually worked both for the children and school setting by teaching them the necessary skills possible to cope with their divorce situation in the home. Last, no evidence is shown of the parents involvement with their children because they too would have impacted the study on how they have coped, whether it was positive or negative. All the reader finds out is about mainly the researchers and the teachers. This too can hinder the results of a study by not including everyone that had a part in the family, who was going through the divorce. Children learn best when taught ways to cope with divorce. The Dyekman study proves that it can occur, especially with pre-treatment and follow up. These individuals were taught ways to reason, which was probably changing their negative thinking to positive at the time too. The students’ teachers were also involved by giving observations in the classroom in regards to improvement or not, which also made a difference in how he or she completed their school work, and acted in the home, which is an excellent positive result. This gave the study a third party involved in monitoring the behavior of the kids, which made an optimistic outcome for everyone involved. References Dykeman, B. F. (March 2003). The Effects of Family Conflict Resolution on Children’s Classroom Behavior. Journal of Instructional Psychology . Heubusch, K. (1998, January). Divorced From Reality. Retrieved February 2009, 23, from Gale: Siatis, P. C. (1997, Augusst). Divorce Has Lasting Effects on Children, Study Says. Retrieved February 2009, 23, from Gale Group: . Tyre, P. (2005, October 24). Fast Chat: The Secret Pain of Divorce. Retrieved February 23, 2009, from Gale: http://find. galegroup. com/ips/start. do? prodId=IPS

Draft, Develop, and Organize a Descriptive Paragraph

Once you have settled on a topic for your descriptive paragraph and collected some details, youre ready to put those details together in a rough draft. Lets look at one way of organizing a descriptive paragraph. A Three-Step Method for Organizing a Descriptive Paragraph Heres a common way of organizing a descriptive paragraph. Begin the paragraph with a topic sentence that identifies your prized belonging and briefly explains its significance to you.Next, describe the item in four or five sentences, using the details that you listed after probing your topic.Finally, conclude the paragraph with a sentence that emphasizes the personal value of the item. There are various ways to organize the details in a descriptive paragraph. You may move from the top of the item to the bottom, or from the bottom to the top. You may start at the left side of the item and move right, or go from right to left. You may start with the outside of the item and move in, or go from inside to out. Choose the one pattern that seems best suited to your topic, and then stick to that pattern throughout the paragraph. A Model Descriptive Paragraph: My Tiny Diamond Ring The following student paragraph, titled My Tiny Diamond Ring, follows the basic pattern of topic sentence, supporting sentences, and conclusion: On the third finger of my left hand is the pre-engagement ring given to me last year by my sister Doris. The 14-carat gold band, a bit tarnished by time and neglect, circles my finger and twists together at the top to encase a small white diamond. The four prongs that anchor the diamond are separated by pockets of dust. The diamond itself is tiny and dull, like a sliver of glass found on the kitchen floor after a dishwashing accident. Just below the diamond are small air holes, intended to let the diamond breathe, but now clogged with grime. The ring is neither very attractive nor valuable, but I treasure it as a gift from my older sister, a gift that I will pass along to my younger sister when I receive my own engagement ring this Christmas. An Analysis of the Model Description Notice that the topic sentence in this paragraph not only identifies the belonging (a pre-engagement ring) but also implies why the writer treasures it (. . . given to me last year by my sister Doris). This kind of topic sentence is more interesting and revealing than a bare announcement, such as, The belonging I am about to describe is my pre-engagement ring. Instead of announcing your topic in this way, focus your paragraph and gain the interest of your readers with a complete topic sentence: one that both identifies the object youre about to describe and also suggests how you feel about it. Once you have introduced a topic clearly, you should stick to it, developing this idea with details in the rest of the paragraph. The writer of My Tiny Diamond Ring has done just that, providing specific details that describe the ring: its parts, size, color, and condition. As a result, the paragraph is unified--that is, all of the supporting sentences relate directly to one another and to the topic introduced in the first sentence. You shouldnt be concerned if your first draft doesnt seem as clear or as well constructed as My Tiny Diamond Ring (the result of several revisions). Your aim now is to introduce your belonging in a topic sentence and then draft four or five supporting sentences that describe the item in detail. In later steps of the writing process, you can focus on sharpening and rearranging these sentences as you revise. NEXT STEPPractice in Organizing a Descriptive Paragraph REVIEWSupporting a Topic Sentence with Specific Details ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES OF WELL-ORGANIZED DESCRIPTIONS Model Descriptive ParagraphsModel Place Descriptions: Four Descriptive ParagraphsJoseph Mitchells Place Description: McSorleys SaloonWillie Morriss Descriptive Narrative RETURN TOHow to Write a Descriptive Paragraph